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Ronald F. Tylecote
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Ronald Frank Tylecote (15 June 1916-17 June 1990) was a British
archaeologist and
metallurgist, generally recognised as the founder of the sub-discipline of
archaeometallurgy.
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Education and profession
The son of doctor
Frank Edward Tylecote, he was born in
Manchester and educated at
Oundle School. He obtained an
MA from
Trinity Hall, Cambridge in 1938, and an
MSc from the
University of Manchester in 1942, and a
PhD on the oxidation of
copper from the
University of London in 1952.
After a period in industry working as a welding research engineer, he became an
ICI Research Fellow at
University of London. In 1953 he was appointed as a lecturer at
Newcastle University, where he became a
Reader in
Archaeometallurgy, a pst from which he retired in September 1978. In 1976 he began teaching
Archaeometallurgy at the
Institute of Archaeology,
University College London, which led to him becoming an honorary Professor there in 1979.
Work
His early publications on metallurgy include
The solid phase welding of metals (1968). He participated in his first archaeological excavation in 1939, and became known for combining the two interests. Tylecote investigated early mining and smelting sites around the world, including Timna in
Israel and the
Roman silver mines of Rio Tinto in
Spain. He also excavated sites in
Sudan,
Nigeria,
Turkey,
Iran and
Afghanistan. A notable study was .
Other work included
Metallurgy in Archaeology: a Prehistory of Metallurgy in the British Isles (1962), which became the standard reference work, and (1987). In 1976 he published
A History of Metallurgy, and completed the revised second edition just before his death.
In 1962, with G. R. Morton, he founded the Historical Metallurgy Group, initially as a group within the
Iron and Steel Institute, and edited its first
Bulletin, publihsed in April 1963. He remained its editor for the rest of his life, as the group became the , and the
Bulletin became a journal,
Historical Metallurgy.
He is commemorated in the R. F. Tylecote Library of Archaeometallurgical Literature at
University College, London, the R. F. Tylecote Fund at the same institution, and in the grant-giving R. F. Tylecote Memorial Fund of the Historical Metallurgy Society. Following his death the Society published tributes to him from other scholars with whom he had worked, together with a list of his publications.
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Personal life
Having originally married Angela (née Lias) whom he divorced in 1950, he married his second wife, Elizabeth Cornelia Johanna (née
Reventlow) in 1958. Elizabeth was born in the city of
Sønderborg in 1912, which was then part of
Schleswig-Holstein, but became part of
Denmark after 1918. Having been born in Sønderborg Castle, she had previously changed her name to Berndt, to avoid association with pro-Nazi elements of the aristocratic Reventlow family, and spent much of
World War II in Palestine and Egypt. Both Ronald and Elizabeth Tylecote maintained pro-Communist sympathies until the Russian invasion of Hungary in 1956. His son,
Andrew Tylecote is an
economist.